Home Daily Commentaries 36 hours until many markets close for Easter holidays. Time to check your FX needs as quarter-end approaches.

36 hours until many markets close for Easter holidays. Time to check your FX needs as quarter-end approaches.

Daily Currency Update

After its bad start to the week, falling against every one of the major currencies we follow closely here on Monday, yesterday was a much better day for the US Dollar which went from bottom to top spot. By the end of the day, the USD index had slipped a quarter of a point from its intra-day high to 88.90 but this morning in Europe it has climbed back to 89.00 and has fully unwound all of Monday’s losses.


As for incoming economic data, the Conference Board said yesterday its consumer confidence index dropped 2.3 points to a reading of 127.7 this month from a slightly downwardly revised 130.0 in February, which was the highest level since November 2000. Interestingly, the details of the report showed that consumers’ confidence in continued stock market gains has fallen to its lowest since President Trump’s election and showed the biggest two-month drop in the survey's 30-year history. After tweeting on Monday evening after the stock market rally, yesterday’s 400-point drop for the DJIA has seen the POTUS Twitter feed very quiet on the subject.

Today brings the second revision to the Q4 GDP numbers, pending home sales and wholesale inventories; none of which are likely to be game-changers for financial markets. But, as the clock ticks down to the Easter weekend, Thursday brings the personal income and expenditure numbers as well as the Fed’s preferred measure of inflation; the PCE deflator. One all these data are released, the Atlanta Fed will also update its GDPNow forecast of GDP for Q1. This currently stands at an annualized pace of 1.8%; well down from the 5%+ readings it was indicating back in early February. The USD index opens this morning in North America around 89.00.

Key Movers

Traders in the Canadian Dollar market are struggling to get traction in either direction. On Tuesday, USD/CAD fell to a low just below 1.2820 at the start of the European day but just a few hours later it was up above 1.2890. This proved to be the high of the day, however, and after what was ultimately a pretty directionless North American session, it finished in the top half of the range at 1.2870. During the Asia time zone and this morning in Europe, USD/CAD has edged higher once more and as we print this commentary is just trying to break on to a 1.29 ‘big figure’.


In a move clearly aimed at keeping the NAFTA renegotiations on track, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said earlier this month he was aware of concerns that countries facing US tariffs could try to ship supplies through Canada and pretend the metals had been produced in Canadian facilities. Under new measures unveiled by Trudeau’s office yesterday, the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) will gain new powers to stop companies that try to dodge duties. The CBSA will also have greater flexibility in determining whether prices charged in the exporter’s domestic market are reliable or distorted. “We will not allow North American industries to be hurt or threatened by unfair trade practices, like the diversion of steel and aluminum ... Canada will not be used as a backdoor into other North American markets,” Trudeau said in a statement. According to a separate statement issued by the Canadian Prime Minister’s office, Mr. Trudeau also spoke to President Donald Trump on Monday and “raised the strong measures Canada is taking to address unfair trade in steel and aluminum.”

The main economic data to be published this week come tomorrow when we have the monthly GDP data as well as industrial raw materials prices. RBC is predicting 1.9% annualized GDP growth for the first quarter of 2018, while TD is predicting an even smaller 1.4% rise. That’s in comparison to the 4% increase recorded in the first quarter of 2017. As for the January numbers (Canada is to be congratulated for being the only country in G7 to produce official monthly GDP statistics), the consensus is a rise of just 0.1% m/m. The Canadian Dollar opens in North America at USD/CAD1.2895, AUD/CAD0.9885 and GBP/CAD1.8250.


The euro’s best level of the week so far remains the USD1.2470 mark it reached in early European trade on Tuesday. It subsequently fell almost a full cent on softer than expected economic data and its overnight recovery in Asia earlier this morning could take the pair no higher than 1.2420. A very quiet session in Europe has left it within one-tenth of last night’s closing levels against nearly all the major currencies we follow closely here, though EUR/AUD has been the modest outperformer.


There’s a definite split of opinion becoming visible on the ECB. Speaking at the Austrian Central Bank on Monday, Bundesbank President and ECB Council member Jens Weidmann had said, “The markets see a first rate hike around the middle of the year 2019, which is probably not entirely unrealistic. However, the end of net purchases is only the beginning of a multi-year process of monetary normalization. That's why it's so important to actually start soon…”. Yesterday morning, however, Governing Council member Erkki Liikanen said that exiting from unprecedented stimulus can be more safely done once expectations for inflation exceed policy makers’ goal. “A gradual tightening of monetary policy will rest on a more solid basis when indications of inflation rates to potentially temporarily exceed 2 percent become more prominent in inflation expectations,” the Finnish central bank governor said.

Away from monetary policy, ECB officials may face pressure from a wholly different source. After the UK exits the European Union, so the EU will face a shortfall in its funding. The EU Commission’s ruling college will today discuss ways to find new sources of revenue including proposals for a plastics tax and a €50 billion raid on European Central Bank profits. One of the measures under discussion is a plan to divert profits made by the euro zone’s 19 national central banks from printing banknotes straight into EU coffers. The commission estimates the revenue stream could generate €56 billion during the seven-year span of the next EU budget. More than 90 per cent of the so-called seigniorage profits are distributed by the ECB to the euro zone’s 19 central banks that often then pass a portion on to their national treasuries. ECB officials are said to believe the proposals from Brussels are a threat to their much-cherished independence. The EUR opens in North America today at USD1.2400 and EUR/CAD1.5990.


After its decent start to the week on Monday, the British Pound spent nearly all of Tuesday firmly at the bottom of our one-day performance table and it wasn’t until the New York afternoon that it managed finally to climb above the Australian Dollar. There was no single specific catalyst for the downward pressure on GBP, but there’s always talk as we approach quarter-end of significant selling interest in GBP/EUR from an official European institution. Whatever the case, the pound had a decent recovery overnight, with GBP/USD up from yesterday’s lows below 1.41 to just a few pips under 1.42 this morning before giving back half a cent as worries resurfaced over the strength of consumer spending.

The Confederation of British Industry’s distributive trades survey showed the retail sales balance fell to -8 from +8 in February, confounding a median forecast of +15 in a Reuters poll of analysts. It’s a joke often aimed at economists that they know 50 ways to make love but don’t actually know any women. It now seems they don’t even bother to look out of the window to see what the weather is doing. The CBI report says, “Against a backdrop of stagnating household incomes and weak consumer confidence, the lengthy cold snap earlier this month has heaped added pressure on retailers… Freezing conditions and transport disruption caused people to avoid the high street. With many forced to work from home, telecoms firms saw record internet traffic, yet on-line shopping slowed sharply given the potential for disrupted deliveries.”

As the Easter weekend starts in just 36 hours, we only have the second revisions to Q4 GDP and mortgage lending figures on Thursday. Sadly, the weather forecast for the holiday in the UK looks pretty poor, with the only demand at DIY and hardware stores likely to be for materials to build an Ark! The Bank of England has already lowered its forecast for Q1 GDP as a result of the two bouts of extreme weather in February and March and it seems that Q2 will get off to a very soft start also. The British Pound opens in North America at USD1.4150, GBP/EUR1.1415 and GBP/CAD1.8245.


Despite a strong correlation between US stocks and the AUD/USD exchange rate throughout Monday, the relationship completely broke down yesterday. The high around 0.7755 came at lunchtime in Sydney and from that point onwards it was steadily lower for the pair, even as the futures market signaled an initial triple-digit gain for the Dow Jones Industrial Average before a late plunge into the close. The Aussie Dollar fell on every one of its crosses and was the worst performer of all the major currencies we follow here. AUD/NZD is back on a 1.05 handle whilst AUD/CAD fell on to a 98 cents handle for the first time in almost six weeks. This morning in Europe, AUD/USD fell below 0.7660 for the first time since December 20th.

The weekly consumer confidence numbers were no help to the AUD with the headline index slipping 0.9% last week following a 2.2% bounce previously. Views towards current economic conditions deteriorated sharply by 6.8% to 101.9, its lowest value in 18 weeks. Future economic conditions were also hit, falling 3.6% to 108.7, a five-week low. The team at ANZ who produce the data noted, “Last week’s back-and-forth on import tariffs between the US and China roiled global and domestic equity markets, fuelling fears of retaliatory measures by governments worldwide. This is likely responsible for the sharp deterioration in households’ views around the economic outlook. Additionally, the unexpected tick up in the unemployment and underemployment rate in February may also have impacted. Stepping away from the week-to-week volatility, views around economic conditions (four-week average) have fallen by about a third from their February peak. However, they remain above their long-term average and consistent with our expectations of solid economic growth in 2018.”

As the end of the month and quarter approaches, there are only a couple more bits of economic data due for release Down Under: the housing credit and job vacancy numbers on Thursday. So far this week, the AUD has been the worst performer of the major currencies we follow here and it’s hard to see the local data coming to its rescue before the close of business tomorrow. The Australian Dollar opens in North America this morning at USD0.7770, with AUD/NZD at 1.0575 and AUD/CAD0.9885.


After Monday’s decent rally, the New Zealand Dollar couldn’t quite keep up the same run rate on Tuesday, rising against the AUD and GBP, unchanged against the EUR but down against the USD and CAD. We warn persistently here that volatility is a permanent feature of the Kiwi Dollar and this morning it is back at the bottom of our one-day performance table. NZD/USD is down at 0.7250 whilst the NZD/CAD cross is down at 0.9350 having been as high as 0.9410 in the North American morning on Monday.

Earlier this morning saw the monthly business confidence numbers published by ANZ Bank. Confidence had been picking up after the sharp post-Election drop but the analysts report this month that, “Headline business confidence is treading water. A net 20% of businesses are pessimistic about the year ahead, down 1%pt versus February. A marked divergence was evident across sectors: retail and agriculture sank significantly, manufacturing and services floated higher, and construction was little changed. In level terms services are most optimistic and agriculture the least. Activity indicators increased pretty much across the board but remain below the levels of six months ago. A net 12% of firms are expecting to lift investment, up 5 points. Employment intentions lifted from +5% to +10%, making a comeback whilst profit expectations increased from -1% to +6%, back in the black.”

Putting all the survey components together, ANZ reckon their composite growth indicator, which combines business and consumer confidence, continues to suggest growth around 2-3% y/y. “The economy is caught in cross-currents, some helpful (terms of trade) and some not (capacity constraints and credit availability). But it’s keeping its head above water and still making steady progress.” The Kiwi Dollar opens in North America at USD0.7255 and NZD/CAD0.9350.

Expected Ranges

  • USD/CAD: 1.2820 - 1.2960 ▼
  • EUR/USD: 1.2355 - 1.2470 ▼
  • GBP/USD: 1.4080 - 1.4240 ▼
  • AUD/USD: 0.7600 - 0.7705 ▼
  • NZD/USD: 0.7205 - 0.7305 ▼